Frederick Anderson (17 November 1855 – 5 January 1940) was a Scottish football player and businessman in Shanghai and London.

Anderson played as a forward for Clydesdale, Queen's Park and represented the Scotland national team once, in an 1874 friendly match against England.

[2][3] He also played in the first ever Scottish Cup Final, which his Clydesdale team lost 2–0 to his former club, Queen's Park in 1874.

He was elected chairman in August 1899 following the resignation of James Fearon and served until 1900.

In 1898-99 and 1908–9, Shanghai Rugby Club chose Frederick Anderson as president in 1905.