The area that would become Frederick County, Virginia, was inhabited and transited by various indigenous peoples for thousands of years before European colonization.

Under this system, those who funded an emigrant's transportation costs (not the actual colonizers) were compensated with land.

[3] In 1649 the exiled King Charles II granted several acres of colonial Virginia lands to "seven loyal supporters", including Lord Fairfax.

[5] The Virginia Assembly named the new county for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales[6] (1707–1751), the eldest son of King George II of Great Britain.

Some of those battles included: The first constitution of West Virginia provided for Frederick County to be added to the new state if approved by a local election.

[11]: 57  William Marker bought the 942 acres (381 ha) in 1856 and built a hotel, the first building of the Rock Enon Springs Resort.

[13]: 9  During the summer of 1914 botanists found a variety of ferns on the property: polypodium vulgare, phegopteris hexagonoptera, adiantum pedatum, pteris aquilina, and cheilanthes lanosa.

Due to declining business, the Glaize family sold the property to the Shenandoah Area Council.

They adapted the resort to operate as a Boy Scout site, Camp Rock Enon.

[12] In 1944 the 5 acres (0.020 km2) Miller Lake was created by adding a 200 feet (61 m) earth dam across Laurel Run using equipment, owned by the Federal fish hatchery in Leestown.

Frederick is represented by Republican Jill Holtzman Vogel (R), in the Virginia Senate, Wendy Gooditis (D), Chris Collins (R), and Dave LaRock (R), in the Virginia House of Delegates, and Ben Cline (R) in the U.S. House of Representatives.