Fredrik Hjalmar Adelborg (18 October 1886 – 21 September 1948) was a Swedish diplomat, director, explorer, donor and author.

Adelborg was a sea cadet and attended the Royal Swedish Naval Academy from 1901 to 1903 and served in the Merchant Navy and carried out two complete global circumnavigations.

[1][3] Adelborg undertook expeditions for the exploration of the Sakai in the Malay Peninsula from 1911 to 1929 and did extensive travels in the Orient.

[2] Adelborg conducted field trips to China, French Indochina, Java and Sumatra, Ceylon and Egypt from 1910 to 1922.

[6] Fredrik Adelborg inspired Evert Taube to the events in the ballad "Möte i monsunen" (Meeting in the monsoon), when he described to Taube how he had helped shanghaied Swedish sailors during his time as Consul General of Sweden in Singapore.