[1] The Spanish province of Guayaquil had been separated from the Viceroyalty of Peru and in those days it only depended legally on the court of the Real Audiencia de Quito.

The Fundamental Charter of the State handed over power to a triumvirate made up of José Joaquín de Olmedo, Rafael Ximena and Francisco María Roca.

[10] The Guayaquil revolutionaries were convinced that their first objective should be the liberation of the Quito mountain range and they advanced, defeating the royalists, on November 9, in the Battle of Camino Real near Guaranda.

This was probably also foreseen by the members of the Junta, who had told both Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín that the Province would be added to any of the States that were to be organized after the chaos of the independence campaigns.

General Bolívar will send us soldiers accustomed to winning, and from here we will open the gates of Pasto, which will be very difficult for him to open by attacking from the north.General Antonio José de Sucre arrived in Guayaquil with a Colombian support force of 700 armed and equipped men in August 1821 and fought alongside the people of Guayaquil against the Spanish who were still endangering the independence of the province Yaguachi (current province of Guayas).

After the victory, Sucre asked the people of Guayaquil for help to complete the emancipation of the other departments that made up the Real Audiencia and bring independence to Cuenca and Quito, a process that Olmedo supported from start to finish.

The united forces of Peru, Colombia and Guayaquil have finally broken the heavy chains that our brothers were dragging in the second capital of the Incas: and although the tyrants had entrenched them in the enormous mountains and deep ravines of that country, they have been undone in the presence of the sons of Liberty.

to reap the fruits of your perseverance and your sacrifices... we will fill the page that touches us in the splendors of American history, and we will fulfill the great destinies to which we are called...

Under the auspices of Liberty, and with the protection of the great States that surround us, an immense race is opened for the prosperity of this beautiful and rich People, who will be called by all the nations of the earth, THE STAR OF THE WEST.

General Bolívar, backed by a strong military contingent, staged a coup d'état, proclaiming himself Supreme Chief of the Province, and decreed the annexation to Gran Colombia, ignoring the government presided over by José Joaquín de Olmedo.

The annexation of Guayaquil to Gran Colombia caused the self-exile of Olmedo, who in a letter informed Simón Bolívar of his disagreement with the measures adopted by his government.

According to historical documents, in the interview in Guayaquil, the two discussed, among other issues, the way to end the emancipatory war in Peru and the form of government for the American states.

That if, by virtue of the above measures, the Government of Guayaquil commits the least act of hostility or violence, the Colombian troops occupy the entire province without delay, remaining from the moment attached to the Republic.