The legislature can force the Premier to resign by passing a motion of no confidence.

The legislature also appoints Free State's delegates to the National Council of Provinces, allocating delegates to parties in proportion to the number of seats each party holds in the legislature.

The legislature has the power to pass legislation in numerous fields specified in the national constitution, including include health, education (except universities), agriculture, housing, environmental protection, and development planning.

The provincial legislature consists of 30 members, who are elected through a system of party-list proportional representation with closed lists.

The following people have served as Speaker of the Free State Provincial Legislature.