The Foudroyant ("Lightning") was a Tonnant-class 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.

She was started in Rochefort from 1793, and renamed to Dix-huit fructidor in December 1797 in honour of the Jacobin Coup of 18 Fructidor, as she was still on the stocks, but reverted to Foudroyant in February 1800 before completion, after the Directory fell.

On 15 September 1806, while under jury rig some 15 miles (24 km) off Havana, she encountered HMS Anson, under Captain Charles Lydiard.

Anson, mistakenly believing Foudroyant distressed, attacked, and was driven off.

She took part in the Battle of the Basque Roads, in which she was badly damaged but was later repaired.