Fusarium solani is a species complex of at least 26 closely related filamentous fungi in the division Ascomycota, family Nectriaceae.

[7] The fungus is allied with the sexual species, Nectria haematococca, in the family Nectriaceae (phylum Ascomycota).

However, instead of developing a pink or violet centre like most Fusarium species,[8] F. solani becomes blue-green or bluish brown.

[1] The macroconidia produced by F. solani are slightly curved, hyaline, and broad,[1] often aggregating in fascicles.

[10] In general, as a soil fungus, F. solani is associated with the roots of plants[1] and may be found as deep in the ground as 80 cm.

After infection, F. solani produces asexual macro and microconidia which are dispersed through wind and rain.

[13] The pathogen can persist in the soil for a decade, and if left unchecked can cause complete crop loss.

Cases occur most frequently during harvest season as a result of corneal trauma from dust or plant material.

[1] As of 2011, F. solani was implicated in cases of fungal keratitis involving the Bausch and Lomb ReNu contact lens solution.

[1] Other risk factors of contact lens-related Fusarium keratitis include use of daily-wear lenses beyond the recommended timeline and overnight wear.

[4] An investigation into a meningitis outbreak of 79 cases since October 2022, which had killed 35 people (34 of them women who had undergone cesarean section) in Durango (city) revealed contamination of bupivacaine with Fusarium solani in 4 batches, used by an anesthesiologist.

[18] US news reported however, that the anesthesiologist used multi-dose vials of morphine, which he would administer in more than one patient for his anesthesias in the 4 private hospitals.

[20] As of June 1, 2023, a multistate outbreak of meningitis due to F. solani was ongoing among patients who underwent epidural anesthesia at two clinics in the Mexican city of Matamoros, Tamaulipas, with a total of 212 residents in 25 US states identified as being at risk, two of whom had died.

[24] Symptoms include general plant decline, wilting, and large necrotic spots on tap roots.

[3] The ubiquitous nature of  F. solani gives rise to a plethora of management practices developed independently.

This bacterial complex has been shown to produce several types of antibiotics (depending on the strain), and can act as a substitute for chemical pesticides.

[12] In the 2023 Matamoros outbreak of F. solani meningitis CDC recommended liposomal amphotericin B and voriconazole,[27] however, disease progressed on this regimen,[22] and patients were trialed on fosmanogepix through a compassionate use authorization.

F. solani has been investigated as a biological control for certain plants including leafy spurge, morning glory, striga, gourd, and water hyacinth.