In algebraic geometry, a GKM variety is a complex algebraic variety equipped with a torus action that meets certain conditions.[1]: Def.
1.4.13 The concept was introduced by Mark Goresky, Robert Kottwitz, and Robert MacPherson in 1998.
[2] The torus action of a GKM variety must be skeletal: both the set of fixed points of the action, and the number of one-dimensional orbits of the action, must be finite.
In addition, the action must be equivariantly formal, a condition that can be phrased in terms of the torus' rational cohomology.[1]: Def.
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