The county is located on the south side of the Missouri River, which once served as the chief route of transportation in the state.

The southern part of the county is within the larger Ozark Highlands AVA, established in 1987.

Per a 1916 Missouri Historical Review article, "The name is from 'Gascon', an inhabitant of Gascony,'[4] a unique, marginal maritime province in the southwest of France with Basque cultural roots.

[13] Gasconade County is entirely contained within district 61 in the Missouri House of Representatives.

At the presidential level, Gasconade County is one of the most reliably Republican strongholds in Missouri.

Like most rural areas throughout Northeast Missouri, voters in Gasconade County generally adhere to socially and culturally conservative principles, which tend to influence their Republican leanings.

The proposition strongly passed every single county in Missouri with 78.99% voting in favor.

(During the same election, voters in five other states also strongly approved increases in the minimum wage.)

Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-New York) received more votes, a total of 848, than any candidate from either party in Gasconade County during the 2008 Missouri Presidential Preference Primary.