Gendai Kamada

Upon completion of his five-year training he opened a clinic in his hometown;[4][5] he became well known throughout Japan for his surgical prowess, particularly his skill in treating breast cancer.

[4] In 1839 Gendai dictated the text of Mafutsuto-Ron to his student Hajime Matsuoka; this 10-page booklet has been called the earliest textbook of anaesthesia in the world.

The work provides detailed instructions on the administration of mafutsuto (also known as tsusensan[6] )—a herbal cocktail developed by Seishu Hanaoka to induce anaesthesia—including pre-operative care, contraindications for the procedure and methods for assessing the depth of anaesthesia.

Contemporary surgeons used Mafutsuto-Ron to guide their practice, and it inspired later Japanese texts on general anaesthesia.

[5] Gendai also published books on anatomical illustration and the treatment of sword wounds,[5] and taught over 300 medical students.