The main motive is beautification and individualization; in addition, some piercings enhance sexual pleasure by increasing stimulation.
[1][2][3] Pre-modern genital piercings is most culturally widespread in Southeast Asia, where it has been part of traditional practice since ancient times.
[4] The traditional prehistoric and historic practice of genital piercing is most culturally widespread in Southeast Asia (particularly in Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and Myanmar), where the insertion of various kinds of implants into the penis were common until modern times, in addition to other ancient body modifications like tattooing, supercision or circumcision, pearling, ear piercings and ear plugs, gold teeth fillings, teeth filing, teeth blackening, and artificial cranial deformation.
[8] Visayan penile piercings consists of a rod or bar (usually made from gold, brass, tin, or ivory; and often ornamented) called the tugbuk or tudruk that is inserted horizontally through the glans of the penis.
Its ends are attached to the sakra (also transcribed as sacra or sagra), a wheel or half-ring (made from the same material as the tugbuk) that goes around the head of the penis, similar to a cock ring.
The Dutch explorer Anton Willem Nieuwenhuis described in his ethnographic record In Centraal Borneo: reis van Pontianak naar Samarinda – documenting his travel through Borneo in 1897 – the procedure of an ampallang piercing: ″The young men through the tattoo, because it is performed by them only to a limited extent, much less than women to suffer for it but they must in order to gain their full manhood, subject of another test, namely the through-hole the glans penis.
At each of these arms are opposite each other where needed openings through which one after the round pressed glans become less sensitive to an acute kapfernen pin; formerly was used for this purpose a pointed bamboo sticks.
The bamboo and the clamp is removed by means of a cord attached to pin left in the opening until the channel is healed.
Particularly brave men enjoy with the chief's prerogative to be allowed to wear the penis a ring in the scales of the pangolin cut and blunt teeth is occupied; sometimes they can also be crossed with the first channel, a second by the glans .
The pain during surgery do not seem to be very violent, and it has only rarely serious consequences, although until recovery can often take a month.″[15] – Anton Willem NieuwenhuisPiercing the genitals became a short-lived trend at the end of the 19th century, in particular for upper classes of the society: "It was during the Victorian era that the practice of body piercing in the Western world reemerged.
Genital piercings were later sported by the modern primitives movement that developed during the 1980s in the San Francisco Bay Area.
"[30] However, according to Chelsea Bunz, professional piercer from UK, the clearly existing rise in popularity might as well be an effect of more people openly talking about their genital piercings: "I think genital piercing has always been popular – it's just discussed more openly these days, which makes it increasingly acceptable to the mainstream.
Then there are deeper specifics to probe (pardon the expression) such as whether the goal is increased sensation during penetration, or enhanced clitoral stimulation.[...
Similar to religiously motivated circumcision, it may be regarded as a "purification of the flesh" and a common bodily sign to members of the same faith.
These traditional meanings of modifying the body were revived in contemporary western society by the modern primitive.
Inspired by ethnographic accounts of tribal practices, this subculture adopted genital piercings as a matter of individuation and spirituality.
"[37] On another account by the anthropologist Tom Harrisson, who spent much of his life in Borneo and interviewed natives about the traditional ampallang; he stated, "the function of this device is, superficially, to add to the sexual pleasure of the women by stimulating and extending the inner walls of the vagina.
"[38] For men, piercings that stimulate the sensitive urethra, either during masturbation or sexual intercourse, increase sensation.
[1] In an empirical study at the University of South Alabama, the authors reported a positive relationship between vertical clitoral hood piercings and desire, frequency of intercourse, and sexual arousal.
Some physicians believe that male genital piercings increase the risk of STI transmission by making safer sex barriers (condoms) less effective.
Until fully healed, preparations should be made against possible causes of infection, such as proper cleaning on a daily basis.
In many European countries, minors are required to bring a signed consent form from or to be escorted by a legal guardian.
Possible piercing sites on the male genitalia include the glans, the skin of the penis shaft, the scrotum or the perineum.
As an intermediate version between frenulum and hafada, the lorum piercing (low frenum) sits at the point where penis and scrotum connect.
These include the mons pubis, the clitoral hood, the outer, inner labia and the vulval vestibule (which is the area surrounding the vaginal opening).