Geography of toll roads

After building the roads and bridge, the government invites tender to give an operation and management (O&M) contract for five years against a fee.

Jasa Marga (Persaro) Indonesia) and Net One Solutions Ltd, Bangladesh, who was also the CEO of the second O&M Operator of Bangabandhu (Jamuna) Bridge, feels that ৳400 (US$6.00) per private car is too high, while the trucks and lorries pays a maximum of US$18.00 for a single trip.

In November 2004, legislation in China provided for a minimum length of a stretch of road or expressway in order for tolls to be charged.

In Hong Kong, most tunnels and some bridges that form part of the motorway networks are tolled to cover construction and maintenance costs.

Since then, Indonesia has seen a dramatic increase on the operational length and reach of its toll road system, spanning 2,893.02 km (1,797.64 mi) by the end of June 2024, with most of it being built during the presidency of Joko Widodo.

This figure will grow in the next few years as additional segments, currently undergoing statutory approvals and permitting processes, are added to the main section of the road.

Malaysia has extensive toll roads that forms the majority of country's expressways which in length spans more than 1,400 km (870 mi) ranging North to the Thai border, South to the Causeway and Second Link to Singapore, West to Klang and Pulau Indah and East towards Kuantan.

The automated toll stations, also known to the locals as ERP or Electronic Road Pricing, was introduced by Land Transport Authority (LTA) to reduce city traffic jams.

The IRS is setting up new toll plazas that are going to be able to read off the digital device attached to windshield while passing through at the speed of no more than 15 km/h (9.3 mph), similar to ones in the United States.

Two government agencies under the Ministry of Transport, namely the Expressway Authority of Thailand (EXAT) and the Department of Highways (DoH), own networks of toll roads.

These were for the most part recently built, and from Casablanca connect all of Moroccos major cities such as Marrakech, Rabat, and Tangier.

Early references include the (mythical) Greek ferryman Charon charging a toll to ferry (dead) people across the river Acheron.

Tolls may vary according to the distance travelled, the building and maintenance costs of the motorway and the type of vehicle.

A number of toll roads in Barnaul and Pskov Region (Nevil-Velezh (190 ₽ ($8)), Pechori-state border RUR 140), also M4-Don (18 km (11 mi) close to Lipetsk costs 20 ₽ ($0.75) for cars and 40 ₽ ($1.70) for trucks).

[11] Use of highways and expressways without a valid and properly displayed sticker in a vehicle is a violation of the law and is punished with a fine of €300 or more.

[12] Due to the high costs of toll stickers for transit drivers going to vacation to Croatian and Montenegrin coast and others only passing through Slovenia, the highways are avoided by some travellers.

[12][13][14] Brussels had opened the case with the statement that the Slovenian vignette violates prevailing EU rights and discriminates road users.

The Turkish toll system can't be avoided (except for avoiding toll roads), because one can simply not pass KGS without the required card, and due to the cameras, all cars passing OGS and HGS with no or expired or counterfied chips or stickers will get a fine nicely presented at their home address.

The system was never properly reformed but from the 1870s Parliament stopped renewing the acts and roads began to revert to local authorities, the last trust vanishing in 1895.

The Local Government Act 1888 created county councils and gave them responsibility for maintaining the major roads.

In São Paulo there is also a statewide electronic collection system using a plastic transponder (e-tag) attached to the windscreen, named SemParar'.

There is a growing trend towards tolling in all major highways of the country, but some resistance by the population is beginning to be felt, particularly due to some abuses which are being imposed, restricting the constitutional rights of coming and going (because the Brazilian highway system has very few non-tolled vicinal roads in parallel to highways) and making some trips an extremely expensive affair, as compared to average Brazilian earning power (in São Paulo, a 1,000 km (620 mi) round trip may cost upward of two hundreds Brazilian real in some roads, higher than petrol expenses).

Highway 407 in the Greater Toronto Area is a modern toll route and does not have collection booths but an overhead sensor.

It's heavily criticized as the government leased it for 99 years with the company having unlimited control of the highway and tolls so it is expensive, but still a necessity for gridlocked Toronto.

All federal toll highways operate with 3 payment options, cash, credit card and electronic tag IAVE.

The three modern toll roads were built after the transportation plan made by the Government of Japan in the mid-1980s using the BOT formula.

Examples of this are the E-ZPass system used on most toll bridges and toll roads in the eastern U.S. from North Carolina to Maine and Illinois; Houston's EZ Tag, which also works in other parts of the state of Texas, Oklahoma's Pikepass (which also works in Texas and Kansas), California's FasTrak, Illinois' I-Pass, and Florida's SunPass.

RiverCity Motorway operates the Clem Jones Tunnel, which runs underneath the city between the inner southern and northern suburbs.

Construction is due to be complete in 2012. International Travellers and people that are new to Brisbane should note, the penalty for non payment of tolls is in excess of $140 (per trip).

As well as the tolled motorways, the Cross City Tunnel - an east–west route underneath the Sydney CBD - was opened to traffic in 2005.