The oldest rocks in Trinidad are low-grade metamorphosed phyllite, limestone and quartzite from the late Jurassic.
The east of the island is the only area with volcanic rocks exposed at the surface, including basalt, ash and breccia.
Flysch, dark shale and quartzite deposited during the Cretaceous, followed by Naparina Hill Formation argillite.
Clastic material and conglomerate marked a shift to erosion in uplifted areas in the late Eocene.
Successive uplift and erosion became common in the Pliocene after the main phase of the Andean orogeny ended to the south.