His narrative paintings are often inspired by the works of Sir Walter Scott.
In 1878 he founded the Royal Scottish Society of Painters in Watercolours.
Hay was born at Prospect Bank House in Leith (Edinburgh's harbour town) in 1831.
[1] The latter became a close friend and they shared a studio at 12 Queen Street, Edinburgh from 1880.
[3] He became an associate of the Royal Scottish Academy in 1869 and a full member in 1876.