George Ralph Richardson Cockburn (14 February 1834 – 18 January 1912) was a Scottish-born educator and political figure in Ontario, Canada.

He represented Toronto Centre in the House of Commons of Canada from 1887 to 1896 as a Conservative member.

Cockburn was named principal for Upper Canada College in 1861.

He was president of the Toronto Land and Investment Company and a director for the Ontario Bank, the London and Canadian Loan and Agency Company and the Glasgow and London Insurance Company.

Cockburn also served as a member of the senate for the University of Toronto.