From 1890 to 1900, he served as a professor to the Faculté de Médecine in Paris (second chair of medical pathology).
In 1901 he was appointed second chair of clinical medicine at the Hôpital de la Charité.
[3] Debove was the author of numerous articles on a wide array of subjects.
He was an early advocate of social hygiene, and known for his work dealing with health issues that included alcoholism and tuberculosis.
[2] With internist Charles Achard, he published a nine volume medical manual, Manuel de médecine (1893-1897), and with Achard and Joseph Castaigne, he was co-author of works involving diseases of the internal organs: With his friend Jean-Martin Charcot, the "Bibliotheque Charcot-Debove" was named, a literary collection in which dozens of authors participated — Jules Séglas (1859-1939), Ernest Mosny (1861-1918), Paul Sollier (1861-1933) and Victor Charles Hanot (1844-1896), to name a few.