Gernot Gruber (born 17 November 1939) is an Austrian musicologist.
Born in Bruck an der Mur, Styria, Gruber studied music, musicology, philosophy and German literature at the University of Graz and received his doctorate in 1964.
From 1970 to 1972 he was a fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
From 1972 to 1975 Gruber was an assistant at the University of Vienna and was habilitated for musicology in 1973.
Gruber is co-editor of the three-volume "Musikgeschichte Österreichs" and a permanent member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences as well as chairman of the Kommission für Musikforschung [de].