[citation needed] Peyman completed his residency in ophthalmology and a retina fellowship at the University of Essen, Essen Germany, in 1969 and an additional postdoctoral fellowship in retina at the Jules Stein Eye Institute, UCLA School of Medicine in Los Angeles in 1971.

During 2000–2006, Peyman served as professor of ophthalmology, ocular oncology and co-director, Vitreo-Retinal Service, Tulane University School of Medicine in New Orleans.

Peyman performed a number of experimental studies evaluating the effect of various excimer lasers in collaboration with Physics Department of the University of Helsinki, Finland.

Since he had purchased an Erb-Yag laser in the U.S., he evaluated the concept using this laser in vivo in rabbit and primate eyes and described the creation of a hinged corneal flap to enable the ablation to be performed on the exposed corneal bed, thus reducing the potential for postoperative scarring and pain.

[5] Always aware of the potential limitations of his invention, Peyman devoted considerable time and effort in subsequent years to ameliorating them.

A synthetic, crosslinked organic or polymeric lens can be implanted in the corneal pocket to compensate for the patient's refractive error.

[7] Peyman has been granted 200 US Patents[8] covering a broad range of novel medical devices, intra-ocular drug delivery, surgical techniques, as well as new methods of diagnosis and treatment.

Development of direct intraocular drug delivery and Vitrectomy Surgical removal of intraocular tumors This technology enables an ophthalmologist to treat a patient located in another location e.g. another city by a laser system controlled remotely, via the internet, using a sophisticated secure system in a non-contact fashion.

Development of precision thermotherapy in oncology Therapy of malignant tumors in early-stage along with imaging and immune therapy and precision localized drug delivery: Tele-laser system and tele- medicine with a novel Dynamic Identity recognition Macular degeneration Intravitreal slow-release Rock inhibitors alone or in combination with Anti-VEGF Artificial Retina Stimulation Quantum dots and Optogenetic for artificial retinal and brain stimulation and gene therapy Gene therapy with non-viral nanoparticles and CRISPR Adaptic optic phoropter for automated vision correction and Tunable light field camera in use for VR and AR technology Among other awards and honors, Peyman has received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation (2012),[18] the Waring Medal of the Journal of Refractive Surgery (2008),[19] and the American Academy of Ophthalmology's Lifetime Achievement Award (2008)[20] He was named a fellow of the National Academy of Inventors in 2013.