Based on leg bones, the mass of B. latifrons has been estimated to be 25-50 percent larger than that of modern B. bison, making it undoubtedly one of the largest-ever ruminants.

Fossil measurements of B. priscus gigas indicate the species was potentially analogous to B. latifrons both in morphology and habitat selection, attaining similar body sizes and horns that were up to 210 centimeters (83 in) apart.

The earliest fossil Bison latifrons, as well as one of the oldest well dated bison specimens in central North America, is from the Snowmass site in Colorado, dating to the Last Interglacial (Sangamonian), around 120,000 years ago.

[2] Though it was primarily a grazer, B. latifrons exhibited a high degree of dietary flexibility and adaptability across its range.

[15] Isotopic analysis from specimens found in Florida suggests a largely grazing based diet,[16] while isotopic analysis of specimens from Clark Quarry, Georgia, suggest that these specimens had a mixed feeding diet (both browsing and grazing), with their diet varying according to the seasons.