Gill hyperplasia

Gill function is often impaired, causing significant oxidative stress.

[1] Anabantiformes endure hyperplasia better than other species due to the possession of a labyrinth organ.

Gill hyperplasia is frequently accompanied with symptoms including lethargy, lack of appetite, and floating near inlets.

[2] Secondary bacterial infections and septicemia may occur as a result of deterioration in respiratory function.

The first and most essential step to the treatment of gill hyperplasia is to deal with the underlying cause (some of which listed above).