It borders Incheon, with which it shares the South Korean side of the Han River estuary, as well as Seoul and the lesser cities of Paju and Goyang.

Tertiary educational institutions located in the city include Kimpo College and Joong-ang Seungga University.

In 1958, the government decreed that the airfield would serve all commercial flights into Seoul, a role until then filled by Yeouido Airport.

A major new development, the Gimpo Han River New Town, was announced in 2003, significantly increasing the population of the city since its construction.

A two-car light rail system, the Gimpo Goldline, opened in 2019 to improve transportation to the New Town and to encourage population growth.

Gimpo has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen: Dwa) with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers.

In the third industrial sector, wholesale and retail (12.1%), lodging and restaurant (7.7%), education and services (6.2%), and health and social welfare (5.2%).