Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla, Baron of Carpiano (15 April 1728 – 30 July 1800 in Padua) was a personal physician of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II and the first director of the Josephinian Military Academy of Surgery in Vienna.
After five years of internship at San Matteo Hospital, he joined in the Austrian army as assistant surgeon.
He rose in the ranks, and by 1779, was sole supervisor of the Austrian military health system, Imperial Protosurgeon under Joseph II, Knight of the Holy Roman Empire, Aulic Counsel.
After the death of Joseph II, Brambilla returned to Pavia in 1795 and lived the rest of his life there.
After the Napoleonic victory of Marengo, Brambilla was travelling back to Vienna when he died.