Gallura, a name which comes from gallus, meaning rooster (cock), was subdivided into ten curatoriae governed by curatores under the judge.

Unable to receive instruction or support from the empire, the provincial Byzantine magistrates, who were known as iudices (meaning "judges"; the Latin word evolved into the medieval Sardinian "Judicados"), continued to rule autonomously.

The last decades of the eleventh century and the opening ones of the twelfth were dominated in Italy and Germany by the Gregorian reforms and the Investiture Controversy, among other attempts to restructure church-state relations.

These monks introduced important economic, agricultural, technological, artistic, ecclesiastic, and social advancements, developments, and transformations in Sardinia.

The reign of Torgodorio's son, Saltaro, was briefly interrupted for three years by Ittocorre de Gunale, but the dynasty was restored by Constantine II, who was succeeded by Comita I.

In 1212, Pisa struck back, but it was not until William of Cagliari's death in 1214 that Gallura was able to defeat Comita and Genoa and force them to terms on land.

Enzio took up the royal title over all Sardinia, but Ubaldo's son John succeeded him in Gallura, passing his time back and forth between the island and Pisa.

Nino's only daughter, Joanna, continued to claim her rights until her death in 1339, at which point the title to Gallura passed to the Visconti of Milan, who ceded it to the Crown of Aragon.

The history of Gallura is based on slender documentation, almost all of it assembled in the archives of Pisa and Genoa and viewing Arborea and the other Sardinian kingdoms through a colonial lens.

The evaluation of political figures has traditionally been made on the basis of military accomplishment, whereas Nowé points out that the ecclesiastical policy of the rulers of Sardinia was just as important in determining the stability, peacefulness, and long-term success of the judicados in the face of colonialism.