Given-When-Then (GWT) is a semi-structured way to write down test cases.
[3] Given describes the preconditions and initial state before the start of a test and allows for any pre-test setup that may occur.
Then describes the outcome resulting from actions taken in the when clause.
The Given-When-Then was proposed by Dan North in 2006, as part of behavior-driven development.
[4] This computer science article is a stub.