It is the primary hospital for the 165,000 citizens of the townships of Albertslund, Ishøj, Høje-Taastrup, Glostrup, and Vallensbæk and as a secondary referral center for larger parts of Region Hovedstaden in neurosurgery, clinical neurophysiology, neurology, and occupational medicine.

Annual visits number 230,000 patients, including 40,000 in-patients, and 18,000 surgical procedures.

With 3,200 employees, 512 beds, Eastern Denmark's largest emergency department and the country's largest ophthalmology department, the Glostrup Hospital is currently undergoing expansion and reorganization to make it a regional and national center in selected specialties while continuing to serve the local community as a general hospital.

Architecturally, Rigshospitalet Glostrup is renowned as an example of new public institutions built in the first decades after World War II.

Built from the ground in 1952-1958 after an international competition won by architects Martta Martikainen-Ypyä, Ragnar Ypyä, and Veikko Malmio, the hospital was officially inaugurated September 2, 1958 by king Frederik IX of Denmark.