[1] Gold was discovered in the bed of the Bendigo Creek in the spring of 1851, about 200 metres from where the Golden Square Hotel now stands, sparking the gold rush that established the Australian city of Bendigo.

[7] The new Bendigo Police station is located on the edge of Golden Square and was opened in March 2007.

[8] Golden Square Football Club has produced AFL stars such as Brownlow Medallist Greg Williams, Richmond stars Wayne Campbell and Nathan Brown, and former Fitzroy, Brisbane and Melbourne player Nick Carter.

Leading AFL player manager Ricky Nixon also started his playing career at Golden Square before playing VFL football with Carlton, St Kilda and Hawthorn.

Other former VFL players to hail from Golden Square include Des Dickson, Ray Byrne, Tony Southcombe and Peter McConville.