Goldich dissolution series

[1][2] Climate is a key extrinsic variable, controlling the water to rock ratio, pH, and alkalinity, all of which impact the rate of weathering.

[4] While Goldich’s original order of mineral weathering potential was qualitative, later work by Michal Kowalski and J. Donald Rimstidt placed in the series in quantitative terms.

Because earlier crystallizing minerals are more stable at higher temperatures and pressures, these weather the fastest under surface conditions.

[6] Felsic rocks tends to have relatively higher proportions of potassium and sodium, which can lead to secondary minerals rich in these ions, including Al-, Na- and K-rich clays such as kaolinite,[8] montmorillonite[8] and illite.

Therefore, the weathering rates of these soils and their compositions are primarily influenced by the relative proportion of minerals in the Goldich dissolution series.

[2] According to the Goldich dissolution series,  anorthite, a plagioclase feldspar, should weather quickly, with a lifetime of 105.62 years quantified by Kowalski and Rimstidt.

Saponite is a common weathering product of ultramafic and mafic rocks. It is found in high-pH evaporite lakes and in association with basalts or serpentines .
Olivine weathering to iddingsite within a mantle xenolith , a common reaction within the series