[1] The flexor tendon is approximately 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long, crosses the medial aspect of the elbow, and runs parallel to the ulnar collateral ligament.

[1][2] Repetitive activity leads to recurrent microtears within the flexor tendon, with remodeling of the collagen fibers and an increase in the amount of mucoid ground substance.

[1] As a result, scar tissue formation and thickening of the tendon lead to reduced collagen strength and pain with repetitive use.

[1][3][4] Golfer's elbow appears to occur from repetitive full swings during the period from the top of the backswing to just before ball impact.

[1] The full swing motion causes high energy valgus forces during the late cocking (backswing in golf) and acceleration phase (downswing and impact).

[1] It is unknown whether this condition is any more common in labor-related occupations with forceful repetitive activities (such as in construction or plumbing) than it is in the general public.

[1] In adults, the pathophysiology may involve mucoid degeneration (disorganized collagen, increased extra-cellular matrix, and chondroid metaplasia).

[1] Risk factors for developing golfer's elbow include improper technique or lack of strength, endurance, or flexibility.

[2][4][6] Strengthening will slowly begin with isometrics and progresses to eccentric exercises helping to extend the range of motion back to where it once was.