The Gorky Railway (Горьковская железная дорога) is a subsidiary of the Russian Railways headquartered in Nizhny Novgorod (formerly known as Gorky, hence the name).

Construction of the mainline from Moscow through Vladimir to Nizhny Novgorod started in May 1858 and was completed within four years.

The private Moscow-Kazan Railway was completed in 1912; it was nationalized by the Bolsheviks six years later.

The Gorky Railway was created as a separate organisation in 1936.

This Russian rail transport related article is a stub.