Axel Gottfrid Leonard Billing (29 April 1841 – 14 January 1925) was a Swedish cleric and theologian who served as a member of the Swedish Academy, member of the Första kammaren (upper house) in the Riksdag and Bishop of Lund from 1898 until 1925.

Billing represented a very conservative political view that has sometimes been called Oscarian after King Oscar II.

In 1884, he was appointed Bishop of Västerås and was consecrated on 7 September 1884 by Archbishop Anton Niklas Sundberg.

In 1900, after the death of Anton Niklas Sundberg, Billing was offered the position of Archbishop of Uppsala; however, he declined.

He was awarded an honorary doctorate in Lund on 28 September 1918 and received the Royal Order of the Seraphim on 6 June 1921.