The governor of the province is appointed by the President of Nepal on the recommendation of the Nepalese cabinet for a period of five years unless freed earlier by the federal government.
The role of governor is largely ceremonial as the functioning of the government is managed entirely by the chief minister.
The normal term of the provincial assembly is five years, unless dissolved earlier.
The province is governed by a parliamentary system of representative democracy.
The Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province consists of 107 members who are elected for five-year terms.