Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir was overthrown in a coup d'état in April 2019 following a series of large-scale protests.

Initially the RSF gained control of most of the capital, Khartoum and parts of Southern and Western Sudan.

[2][3] In response, the RSF held a meeting at the Kenyatta International Convention Centre in Nairobi, Kenya on 18 February 2025 to draft a "Sudan Founding Charter" to pave the way for the formation of a rival "Government of Peace and Unity" to administer areas that are under their control.

[8][9][10] In addition to the Rapid Support Forces, the character was also supported by 23 political factions including Abdelaziz al-Hilu of SPLM-N (al-Hilu), Fadlallah Baramah Nasser of the National Umma Party, Al-Hadi Idris of Sudan Revolutionary Front, and Ibrahim al-Mirghani of the Original Democratic Unionist Party.

[11] The charter calls for “a secular, democratic, decentralised state based on freedom, equality, and justice, without bias toward any cultural, ethnic, religious, or regional identity”, and outlines plans for a “new, unified, professional, national army”.