[2] A study of 21 grape cultivars showed variation of oil composition, especially for linoleic acid and tocopherols.

[5] Grape seed oil components are under study for their potential applications in human health, but the scientific quality of clinical research as of 2016 has been inadequate to suggest any effect on lowering disease risk.

[6] Grapeseed oil has occasionally been found to contain dangerous levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons because of direct contact with combustion gases during the drying process.

[7] Winemaking accounts for 90% of grape cultivation, with the seeds of the plant serving as a by-product that can be pressed for oil.

Grapeseed oil production primarily occurs in wine-growing regions, especially around the Mediterranean Sea.