Ground freezing

[4] Soil contaminated with radioactive elements that leaked from Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant was contained through ground freezing.

[1] A project in Boston known as the Big Dig used ground freezing during some of its tunneling, to allow its wide tunnels to be built under or through soil that supported existing infrastructure that would have been difficult or expensive to support using more traditional excavation methods.

[1] In northern Canada and arctic Alaska, passive pipe systems are used that do not require any external power to keep the ground frozen.

[5] These systems use in-ground evaporators and above-ground radiators filled with liquid refrigerant.

[6] Hani and Evirgen (2023) introduced a new method for sampling granular soils without disturbing their natural state; they suggest using artificial ground freezing, a ground enhancement technique, as an on-site option for deep excavation applications.