A karst is a topographical zone formed by the dissolution of soluble porous rocks, in this case limestone, with features such as mogotes, canyons, caves, sinkholes, streams and rivers, all of which are common on this region of the island.

[1] The soil of the forest is formed by limestone outcrops typical of tropical karst zones characterized by mogotes separated by geological sinks.

Some of the endemic tree species are the ceboruquillo (Thouinia striata) and the so called macho cedar (Hieronyma clusioides).

Other common species of forest are the bullet tree (Terminalia buceras), the Spanish elm (Cordia alliodora) and the white indigo berry (Randia aculeata).

Although the entrance area of the cave has been broken-off by past visitors it still contains numerous interesting geological formations including stalagmites and stalactites.

In addition to Cueva de Viento the forest has the infrastructure for camping, picnics and more than 44 km of hiking trails.

The most popular hike is the 1.5-mile Interpretative Trail (Spanish: Vereda Interpretativa) which leads to an observation tower that offer some of the best views of the karstic countryside.

The lake area is nonetheless a very popular camping, kayaking and fishing spot in the region and some of its facilities are also managed by the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources.