Wuxue's total population is about 580,000 and the city extends over 1,200 square kilometres (460 sq mi), almost all of which is cultivated.

The city has Mount Lu to the east, is close to the Qizhou hometown of famed ancient pharmacist Li Shizhen in neighboring Qichun County in the west, borders the Yangtze River in the south, and leans against the Dabie Shan mountain range in the north.

Upon China signing the 1876 Yantai treaty with Britain, foreign merchants established an upgraded wharf.

The port's strategic advantage lies in its proximity to the juncture of three provinces — Hubei, Anhui, and Jiangxi — and serves as a central hub for commodity trade.

The total length of the port waterfront is now 14 kilometers, with 23 quay berths and many large warehouses, hoists, and cranes.