[1] The keyboard consists of forty-four keys, although only thirty seven can be played at a given time, due to the number of reeds.
This system is used because the keyboard is transposable, being physically shifted three of four semitone higher or lower to facilitate playing in different keys.
[3] With manual models, the instrument had a handle on the left hand side of the instrument, which limited playing to the right hand.
In France, many manufactures made these instruments; Kasriel and Pleyel et Cie in Paris, Richard in Étrépagny, Dumont in Les Andelys, Roethinger in Strasbourg.
Alexandre Père et Fils [fr] also was a major manufacturer of Guide-Chants.