Gusta (Tova) Dawidson Draenger, code name Justyna (1917 – November 1943), was a Polish Jewish activist in Kraków in the late 1930s and during the Nazi occupation in World War II.
Her memoirs were published first in Poland as Pamiętnik Justyny in 1946, then in Hebrew as יומנה של יוסטינה or Jōmānā šel Jusṭina (Justina's Diary) in 1974 and in English as Justyna's Narrative in 1996.
[1][2] Born in Kraków, Gusta Dawidson was brought up in an Orthodox Jewish family of the Gur hasidim tradition.
Dawidson, who remained in Europe, was one of the founders of He-Haluz Ha-Lohem ("The Fighting Pioneer"), an underground combat group in Kraków's resistance movement.
[3][4] In September 1939, the Gestapo arrested Draenger for including an article by the anti-Nazi Austrian Irene Harand his Divrei Akiva.
Shimshon forged identity documents that allowed movement members to freely move among the ghettos in safe houses that Gusta had found.
[2][1] She continued to write despite having her fingers crushed while being tortured, occasionally dictating to her cellmates while other women sang to disguise the sound of her voice.
Eventually, Shimshon and Gusta reunited in Bochnia, then proceeding to a bunker in the Nowy Wiśnicz forest from where they continued to fight.
Although Gusta requested that her diary be recovered from her cell, Number 15, she did not reveal where it was hidden out of fear that it would be found by the wrong hands.