Gustav Friedrich Konstantin Parthey (27 October 1798 – 2 April 1872) was a German philologist and art historian.
Born in Berlin, Parthey was the son of Daniel Friedrich Parthey [de] (1745–1822), Geheimrat in the General Finance Directorate in Berlin, and Wilhelmine Nicolai (-1803), the eldest daughter of Friedrich Nicolai.
Parthey graduated from the Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster in Berlin.
In the following years, he traveled through France, England, Italy, Greece and the Orient.
Parthey was in charge of the Nicolaische Buchhandlung [de], and as a private scholar, he was engaged in art and cultural history studies.