Dumesle, a mulatto, opposed the government of Jean-Pierre Boyer and formed a group of like-minded young mulattoes called the Society for the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
Dumesle's cousin, Charles Rivière-Hérard, led the Revolution of 1843 which forced President Boyer to flee the country.
Dumesle served as president of the Constituent Assembly and later as a Minister during his cousin's rule.
He is also known for composing a poem in honor of Jonathas Granville, the director of the Lycee of Port-au-Prince: "Dithyrambe élégiaque sur la mort de Jonathas Granville.
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