Hōkōkai

'Service Society', Indonesian: Himpunan Kebaktian Rakjat) were associations formed by the Empire of Japan on 8 January 1944 to replace the Pusat Tenaga Rakyat (Putera; "People's Power Center") during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) in World War II.

The original incarnation of the Hōkōkai was formed on Java by the commander of the Sixteenth Army, General Kumakichi Harada,[1] after the Japanese realized that the Putera had exacerbated the desire for Indonesian independence rather than promote Japan's local interests in its war against the Allies.

[3] The purpose of its establishment was to gather people's energy, both physically and mentally in accordance with Hōkō seishin (奉公精神, "Service spirit").

In charge of the association was a representative of the Japanese military government (軍政官, Gunseikan), and Sukarno and Hasyim Asy'ari became its main advisers.

The society was also given the task of mobilizing the masses for rice production, mining, collecting scrap, and cultivating jatropha to be handed over to Japan.