Hacienda Demiñho

An extensive former Spanish plantation, it relied on cattle ranching, agriculture production, and property rental to become one of the most important haciendas in the Mezquital Valley region.

Today, farmers use the manor's abandoned ruins to store their agricultural items and local municipal authorities use it as a makeshift site for cultural events.

In 1589 a merced was granted, by Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga, 1st Marquess of Villamanrique, viceroy of New Spain, to Juan Martín Murillo, a Spaniard, to be used for cattle ranching.

Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas del Río Pisuerga, viceroy of New Spain granted a merced to Juan Baptista Michel, chief constable of the Zimapan mines, for the purpose of ranching 2,000 head of cattle, effectively taking the lands of the towns of Tunititlán and Texcatepec.

[4] With the merging of properties bought by Gonzalo Pérez and additional land bought in 1603 near the Atengo-Mixquiahuala corregimiento, Pérez built houses, corrals, and barns, officially founding the Estancia of Demiñho, royal assent given in representation by Diego de las Ruelas, mayor of Ixmiquilpan, and Luis de Hurtado, lieutenant mayor of Chilcuautla.

[4] With the newly acquired property and lands, later in 1611 Juan González Soto officially established the Hacienda Demiñho, a Spanish plantation.

As the credit increased and as it became impossible to fulfill payment in full within a 10-year term, in accordance with the loan contract, Hacienda Demiñho became the property of Juan Chavarria Valera.

In 1689, Pedro de Lugo built a bullpen, two corrals, a chicken coop, two warehouses, a barn, a cemetery, a brand-new office, and a niche made of cantera where a statue of Saint Joseph was adored and Catholic masses were celebrated.

The ruins of the main manor and church were used by peasants to store their agricultural items and the extensive territory that once belonged to Demiñho was taken by local inhabitants.

Although only ruins remain, there are features which still exist: the main manor, where the owner and his family lived, a church with a tower, a threshing floor, a water reservoir, a sweat bath, and stables.

The positions for Hacienda Demiñho's servants varied and included: cooks, millers, cowboys, foremen, loaders, farmers, grooms, helpers, pasturemen, drivers, water boys, drovers, masons, muleteers and vigilants.

For example, one of the smallest payments made by Hacienda Demiñho's tenants was by Francisco Martín, an indigenous man from the village of Tesca, who paid 4 reales per year for land for his ox.

In contrast, the highest payment recorded for Hacienda Demiñho was by Don Nicolás Pérez, governor of Chilcuautla, who paid 1,120 reales (140 pesos) for the land he worked.

Tula River, southern limit of Hacienda Demiñho