Haḍra

Hadra (Arabic: حضرة, romanized: Ḥaḍrah) is a collective supererogatory ritual performed by Sufi orders.

The collective Sufi ritual is practiced under this name primarily in North Africa, the Middle-East, and Turkey, but also in some non-Arab Muslim countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia.

The haḍra section consists of the ostinato-like repetition of the name of God over which the soloist performs a richly ornamented song.

In many haḍras, this repetition proceeds from the chest and has the effect of a percussion instrument, with the participants bending forward while exhaling and stand straight while inhaling so that both the movement and sound contribute to the overall rhythm.

Universally, the haḍra is almost always followed by Quranic recital in the tarteel style – which according to al-Junayd al-Baghdadi, was a prophetic instruction received through a dream.