14, see text Domanibdellidae Idiobdellidae Nesophilaemonidae Haemadipsidae (From Greek "haima" and "dipsa" ("blood" and "thirst", respectively)[original research?])

The two-jawed (duognathous) species were classified in a number of largely monotypic or non-monophyletic genera, so they were placed into a single monophyletic genus called Chtonobdella.

[3][4] Commonly known as jawed land leeches, these annelids are known from subtropical and tropical regions around the Indian and Pacific Ocean.

Members of the family feed on blood, except Idiobdella which has adapted to eat small snails.

The Xerobdellidae are sometimes included in the Haemadipsidae, but their status as a distinct family is supported by sequence analysis of the nuclear 18S and 28S rDNA and mitochondrial COI genes as well as the anatomy of their sexual organs and nephridia; the latter are located at the belly rather than along the body sides as in the Haemadipsidae proper.