Haisyn

On 16 November 1621, King of Poland Sigismund III gave the land of Haisyn to the nobleman Jan Dzierzka for his military services.

Haisyn suffered many damages during the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1654), which was accompanied by looting of property and mass murder of the Jewish population in the area.

[7][8] In 1659, King of Poland John II Casimir Vasa granted Gaisin to the Zaporizhian Maxim Bulyga.

[5] This was most likely done in an attempt to appease the Cossack population in order to maintain security in the region in the event that Turkish or Russian forces invaded the area.

During 1734 and 1750, Haydamak uprisings devastated the ethnically Polish and Jewish populations in the Bratslav Voivodeship, with both being massacred by Ukrainian rebels.

[12] In 1744, King Augustus III granted Haisyn Magdeburg rights, making it a royal city of the Poland.

[13][14] After the suppression of the uprising, the lands of Haisyn were divided among the magnates of Potocki family, among others Jaroszynski [ru], Sobanski, and Holoniewski.

[15] At the end of the 18th century, the governor of Haisyn was Colonel Petro Chechel, who is famous for the palace that he erected as his residence after purchasing multiple villages in the Starokonstantinovsky district.

A resolution was issued on 1836, authorizing local police to allocate 2000 rubles from the treasury due to insufficient funds from the government.

[17]I commanded to leave the Magistrate in its former position in Gaisin, until the sources for multiplying municipal revenues are found, so (...) 2) that the local provincial administration, upon discovering new ways to sufficiently increase municipal revenues, submit its thoughts on the possibility of establishing a Duma to the Ministry of Internal Affairs (...)[18]The government took a number of practical steps to develop the province, including the provision of special benefits:24 December 1841.

[19]The local government organization developed many town offices, including: In 1834, the Jewish community in Haisyn had reached 1,692 people.

[24] In 1843, a wealthy merchant by the name of Israel Rozin settled in Haisyn and began a business producing and selling alcohol.

During a cholera epidemic in 1855, Rozin undertook paycuts and provided free services and alcohol to citizens.

[31] In May 1886, by the initiative of Archpriest Nikandr Gavrilovich Mikhnevich, the Holy Protection City Cathedral was founded.

There was a public school, 23 factories and plants employing 631 workers, with a total annual production value of 656,820 rubles.

Stone buildings became more commonplace, including a hospital, bank, grand hotel, law office, schoolhouse, and pharmacy.

During World War I, the 75th Sevastopol Infantry Regiment [ru] of the Southwestern Front was stationed in the city.

Bolshevik troops (7th Army of the Southwestern Front) captured Haisyn and took control of the city on 2 February 1918.

[38] In June 1918, the Haisyn district committee of the Council of Peasant Deputies distributed leaflets condemning the election of the Hetman and in favor of the Central Rada.

Nearly a year later, during the seizure of Haisyn by the gangs of Ataman Ananiy Volynets [uk], 1,200 people were killed, most of whom were Jews.

Later in the year, during the city's capture by Anton Denikin, business and homes were looted and women were raped.

Armed men burst into a town or locality, scatter through the streets, rush in groups into Jewish apartments, murder with no care for age or sex, they brutally rape and often kill women, extort money under threat of death and then kill the victims, seize what they can carry, and break down ovens and walls in search of money and valuables.

In Pereyaslav during the pogrom of 15–19 July by Zeleny, each Jewish apartment was visited by bandits 20-30 times a day.

In the meantime, the groups [of bandits] continue to terrorize the remaining Jews, extort money, kill, and rape.

On 7 January 1920, Prime Minister Isaak Mazepa, Colonel N. Nikonov, and P. Fedenko arrived in Haisyn on their way from Vinnitsa.

Even the local rebel Ataman Volynets, with whom Fedchenko had a meeting at that time, was sitting in one of the neighboring villages near Haisyn and "resting" without work.Until the establishment of the USSR, the city would change hands, with death and destruction following.

[45] After the Soviet offensive on 6 June 1920, Haisyn was reconquered under the command of Pyotr Solodukhin, after being defended by the 18th Polish Infantry Division.

[49] During the NEP period, there was a short-term revival of trade and entrepreneurial activity in the Jewish community, but with the winding down of the NEP and the cessation of private trade activity, some of the Jews of Gaisin were forced to join the Jewish collective farm organized in the city.

In accordance with the agreement signed on 30 August in Bender between the German and Romanian commanders, Haisyn, unlike Mogilev-Podilskyi, was not part of "Transnistria", but of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine.

[54] Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:[56] The city no longer has a large Jewish presence, if any at all.

Early 20th-century postcard of two-year college in Gaysin
Photo of market in Haisyn prior to the Russian Revolution
Haisyn house of culture
Monument to Holocaust & WWII victims in Gaysin
St. Pokhrovskaya Church, circa 1910s
Coat of arms of Haisyn Raion
Coat of arms of Haisyn Raion