Texas State Highway 36 (Main Street) crosses US 281 in the center of town and leads 32 miles (51 km) southeast to Gatesville and 33 miles (53 km) northwest to Comanche.

Texas State Highway 22 leads northeast from Hamilton 33 miles (53 km) to Meridian.

[1] The city is drained by Pecan Creek, an eastward-flowing tributary of the Leon River.

As of the 2020 United States census, 2,895 people, 968 households, and 632 families were residing in the city.

The Hamilton County Courthouse, built in 1897, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in April 1980.

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.