A hanging glacier originates high on the wall of a glacial valley and descends only part of the way to the surface of the main glacier and abruptly stops, typically at a cliff.
[1] Avalanching and icefalls are the mechanisms for ice and snow transfer to the valley floor below.
[1] Hanging glaciers are inherently unstable, and may produce catastrophic break-off events.
These glaciers are often partially frozen to their bedrock, allowing them to locate on steep slopes.
Break-off events leading to substantial ice avalanches pose severe hazards to humans, settlements, and infrastructure in alpine terrain worldwide.