Hans Fuglsang-Damgaard was born on 29 July 1890 in Fuglsang, Oksenvad parish to proprietor Ole Christian Damgaard.

As Danish bishop he was primus inter pares and during the later stage of the occupation notably outspoken against the German occupiers.

[2] He is especially known for his pastoral letter denouncing the Nazi antisemitism as irreconcilable with Christianity, signed by all bishops in Denmark and read out during the services on 3 October 1943,[1] following the German attempt to capture and deport the Danish Jews.

[3] Fuglsang-Damgaar was on 30 July 1926 in Aarhus Cathedral wed to Caroline (Caiina) Elisabeth Solveig Wagner (1900-1979), daughter of missionary and later priest at the Øresund Hospital in Copenhagen Carl Ferdinand Wagner (1871-1944) and Ellen Marie Elisabet Blankensteiner (1879-1959).

In 1918 after he was released by the French in a Prisoner of War exchange, was awarded the Pour le Mérite, the highest medal in the imperial German army.