Hans Mueller (1900–1965) was a Swiss physicist and professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
In 1928 he submitted his dissertation, On the Theory of Electric Charge and Coagulation of Colloids to ETH for the doctorate in physics.
In research, Mueller measured luminous intensity and studied polarization of light.
The development of his matrix calculus was initially classified, but he made an exposition to the Optical Society of America in 1948.
His student Nathan Grier Park III wrote a thesis, Matrix Optics expounding the method.