S-M230 is commonly found among populations of the highlands of Papua New Guinea (Kayser 2003).

[1] (Kayser 2003 Cox 2006) Haplogroup S-M230 is thought to have evolved somewhere between 28,000-41,000 years ago.

(Kayser 2003 Cox 2006) One subclade, Haplogroup S-M226.1 (S1a1b1d1a; previously S1d) has been found at low frequencies in the Admiralty Islands and along the coast of mainland PNG.

Prior to 2002, there were in academic literature at least seven naming systems for the Y-Chromosome Phylogenetic tree.

This allows a researcher reviewing older published literature to quickly move between nomenclatures.